Singleton Property

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Singleton Property Resource Page

Singleton Property is a novel approach for making statements about statements in RDF without the use of RDF reification.

Datasets

We implemented the Singleton Property approach in two datasets: BKR and YAGO2S.

BKR

The BKR datasets are implemented using five approaches: the singleton property (SP), the standard RDF reification (R) and three flavors C1, C2 and C3 of the PaCE.
BKR-SP
BKR-R
BKR-C1
BKR-C2
BKR-C3

YAGO2S

We created the RDF-compliant version of YAGO2S using the singleton property approach. The file can be downloaded via yago2s-sp

Below is the complete set of generic properties and their singleton properties in the YAGO2S-SP. 

Generic property                               	                                       Number of singleton property instances
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/extractionSource                               	32598374
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type                                  	9019948
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label                                        	4200036
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isPreferredMeaningOf                           	2886014
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel                                     	2886010
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isLocatedIn                                    	1262563
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasGender                                      	923364
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasFamilyName                                  	838669
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasGivenName                                   	827681
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/wasBornOnDate                                  	804816
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/wasCreatedOnDate                               	713167
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/occursSince                                    	553116
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isAffiliatedTo                                 	497263
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/playsFor                                       	412388
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasLongitude                                   	393717
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasLatitude                                    	393250
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf                                   	382532
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/diedOnDate                                   	361443
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/occursUntil                                    	337116
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/created                                       	278455
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasNumberOfPeople                              	230745
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasWebsite                                    	226393
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/wasBornIn                                      	218757
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/happenedOnDate                                	208894
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/happenedIn                                    	194161
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasArea                                        	129920
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/actedIn                                       	127513
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasWordnetDomain                              	87104
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasWonPrize                                    	73763
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/byTransport                                    	55871
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasDuration                                   	54741
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/diedIn                                         	54174
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasHeight                                      	50863
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isCitizenOf                                    	46060
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/wasDestroyedOnDate                             	42966
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/directed                                       	41811
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasPopulationDensity                           	39408
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isConnectedTo                                  	33834
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/livesIn                                        	33628
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasMusicalRole                                 	32681
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/graduatedFrom                                  	30389
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasMotto                                      	27643
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/owns                                           	26551
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isMarriedTo                                    	26325
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/influences                                    	26306
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/wroteMusicFor                                 	24294
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasWeight                                     	21256
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasPredecessor                                	20574
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasSuccessor                                  	18005
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasChild                                      	17695
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/participatedIn                                	16833
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasPages                                      	15616
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasISBN                                       	10917
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isLeaderOf                                    	10700
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasLength                                     	9010
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/holdsPoliticalPosition                        	6029
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/edited                                        	5946
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasAirportCode                                	5715
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/worksAt                                       	5134
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasRevenue                                    	4114
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isPoliticianOf                                	3752
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasAcademicAdvisor                            	3340
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasCapital                                    	1937
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasOfficialLanguage                           	964
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/dealsWith                                     	947
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasBudget                                     	717
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasCurrency                                   	667
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/exports                                       	579
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isKnownFor                                    	500
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/isInterestedIn                                	465
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/imports                                        	391
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasTLD                                       	270
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasGDP                                        	241
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasExport                                      	175
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasExpenses                                    	174
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasImport                                      	172
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasInflation                                   	155
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasUnemployment                               	145
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasEconomicGrowth                              	141
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasGini                                        	130
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasPoverty                                     	84
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/hasImdb                                        	9
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/startedOnDate                                  	8

Query Set A

Four sets of queries for R, C1, C2, and C3 are obtained from ProvenanceContextEntity We created an equivalent set of queries for SP approach as the following.

Q1

sparql
PREFIX bkr:      <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/bkr/>
PREFIX dc:       <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX provenir: <http://knoesis.wright.edu/provenir/>
PREFIX rdf:      <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs:     <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX umls:     <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/>
PREFIX meta:     <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/META_>
PREFIX sn:       <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/SEMNET_>
PREFIX pubmed:   <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/bkr/PUBMED_>

select ?s ?p ?o 
where { graph <http://data.nlm.nih.gov/bkr_instances_sp>{
 ?s ?sp1 ?o .
 ?sp1 rdf:singletonPropertyOf ?p .
 ?sp1 provenir:derives_from pubmed:10979521-INST .
}}

Q2

sparql
PREFIX bkr:      <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/bkr/>
PREFIX dc:       <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX provenir: <http://knoesis.wright.edu/provenir/>
PREFIX rdf:      <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs:     <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX umls:     <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/>
PREFIX meta:     <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/META_>
PREFIX sn:       <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/SEMNET_>
PREFIX pubmed:   <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/bkr/PUBMED_>

select ?o1 ?o2 ?pmid2
where { graph <http://data.nlm.nih.gov/bkr_instances_sp>{
 meta:C0543467 ?sp1 ?o1 .
 ?sp1 rdf:singletonPropertyOf sn:TREATS .
 ?sp1 provenir:derives_from pubmed:10979521-INST .
 
 ?o1 ?sp2 ?o2 .
 ?sp2 rdf:singletonPropertyOf sn:CAUSES .
 ?sp2 provenir:derives_from ?pmid2 .
}}

Q3

sparql
PREFIX bkr:      <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/bkr/>
PREFIX dc:       <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX provenir: <http://knoesis.wright.edu/provenir/>
PREFIX rdf:      <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs:     <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX umls:     <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/>
PREFIX meta:     <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/META_>
PREFIX sn:       <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/umls/SEMNET_>
PREFIX pubmed:   <http://mor.nlm.nih.gov/bkr/PUBMED_>

select ?o1 ?o2 ?pmid2 ?o3 ?pmid3
where { graph <http://data.nlm.nih.gov/bkr_instances_sp>{
 meta:C0543467 ?sp1 ?o1 .
 ?sp1 rdf:singletonPropertyOf sn:TREATS .
 ?sp1 provenir:derives_from pubmed:10979521-INST .
 
 ?o1 ?sp2 ?o2 .
 ?sp2 rdf:singletonPropertyOf sn:CAUSES .
 ?sp2 provenir:derives_from ?pmid2 .
 
 ?o2 ?sp3 ?o3 .
 ?sp3 rdf:singletonPropertyOf sn:AFFECTS .
 ?sp3 provenir:derives_from ?pmid3 .
}}

Q4

Q5

Query Set B

We created five equivalent sets of SPARQL queries for SP approach as the following.

Q1

Q1 - SP

Q1 - R

Q1 - C1

Q1 - C2

Q1 - C3

Q2

Q2 - SP

Q2 - R

Q2 - C1

Q2 - C2

Q2 - C3

Q3

Q3 - SP

Q3 - R

Q3 - C1

Q3 - C2

Q3 - C3

Q5

OWL 2 Compatibility

@prefix : <http://nlm.nih.gov/mesh/> . 
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . 
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . 
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . 

:Descriptor1 :co-occurs-1234 :Descriptor2 . 
:co-occurs-1234 :createdBy :Vinh . 
:co-occurs-1234 rdf:singletonPropertyOf  :co-occurs . 
rdf:singletonPropertyOf rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:type . 
 
:Descriptor rdf:type owl:Class . 
:User rdf:type owl:Class . 
:co-occurs rdf:type owl:Class . 
:co-occurs rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . 
:createdBy rdf:type  owl:ObjectProperty . 

:Descriptor1 rdf:type :Descriptor . 
:Descriptor2 rdf:type :Descriptor . 
:Vinh rdf:type  :User . 

:co-occurs-1234 rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . 
:co-occurs-1234 rdf:type  :co-occurs .
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