This wiki contains documentation for the article on Knowledge-Aware Search, developed as part of the PREDOSE project. PREDOSE is the acronym for PREscription Drug abuse Online Surveillance and Epidemiology, which is an inter-disciplinary project between the Ohio Center of Excellence in Knowledge-enabled Computing (Kno.e.sis) and the Center for Interventions, Treatment and Addictions Research (CITAR) at Wright State University.

Overview

People

Delroy Cameron
Nishita Jaykumar
Gary A. Smith
Gaurish Anand
Swapnil Soni
Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan
Kera Z. Watkins
Amit P. Sheth

Framework

Ontology

Grammar and Language Specification

Template Classes

Template Class Name	Class Source	Class Type
INTERVAL	Grammar	Compound
FREQUENCY	Grammar	Compound
DOSAGE	Grammar	Compound
INTENSITY	Grammar	Compound
DRUG/ENTITY	Ontology	Simple
PRONOUN	Grammar	Simple
ROA (Route-Of-Administration)	Grammar	Simple
SIDEEFFECT	Grammar	Simple
EMOTION/FEELING	Grammar	Simple
DRUGFORM	Grammar	Simple

LEGEND

EXAMPLES

Compound Template Classes

INTERVAL

Terminals	PERIOD_DETERMINER	PAST_PERIOD_DETERMINER	ago \| prior \| previous \| since \| before \| last
		PRESENT_PERIOD_DETERMINER	no \| about \| around \| several \| couple \| every \| all
		FUTURE_PERIOD_DETERMINER	next \| later \| after
	TIME_INDICATOR	hour \| hours \| hrs \| hr \| minute \| minutes \| mins \| min \| second \| seconds \| sec \| secs
	DURATION_INDICATOR	decade \| decades \| year \| years \| yrs \| month \| months \| mths \| mo \| wk \| week \| weeks \|wks \| day\| days \| night \| nite \| morning \| mornin \| evening \| afternoon \| noon
	WORD_AMOUNT	one \| once \| two \| twice \| three \| thrice \| four \| five \| six \| seven \| eight \| nine \| ten \| eleven \| twelve \| thirteen \| fourteen \| fifteen \| sixteen \| seventeen \| eighteen \| nineteen \| twenty \| thirty \| forty \| fifty \| sixty \| seventy \| eighty \| ninty \| hundred
	NUMBER	0\|1\| ... \|100
RULES	AMOUNT	NUMBER \| WORD_AMOUNT
	DURATIONPERIOD	DURATION_INDICATOR RANGE PERIOD_DETERMINER	years ago, weeks prior
	PERIODDURATION	PERIOD_DETERMINER RANGE DURATION_INDICATOR	next year, previous day
	TIMEPERIOD	TIME_INDICATOR RANGE PERIOD_DETERMINER	hours ago, minutes before
	PERIODTIME	PERIOD_DETERMINER RANGE TIME_INDICATOR	next hour, several minutes
	AMOUNTTIMEPERIOD	AMOUNT RANGE TIMEPERIOD	5 minutes ago
	AMOUNTTIME	AMOUNT RANGE TIME_INDICATOR	15 seconds
	PERIODAMOUNTTIME	PERIOD_DETERMINER RANGE AMOUNTTIME	next 15 seconds, after 2 minutes
	AMOUNTDURATIONPERIOD	AMOUNT RANGE DURATIONPERIOD	5 years ago
	AMOUNTDURATION	AMOUNT RANGE DURATION_INDICATOR	15 months
	PERIODAMOUNTDURATION	PERIOD_DETERMINER RANGE AMOUNTDURATION	next 15 weeks, after 2 years
TEMPLATE CLASS	INTERVAL	DURATIONPERIOD \| PERIODDURATION \| TIMEPERIOD \| PERIODTIME \| AMOUNTTIMEPERIOD \| AMOUNTTIME \| PERIODAMOUNTTIME \| AMOUNTDURATIONPERIOD \| AMOUNTDURATION \| PERIODAMOUNTDURATION

FREQUENCY

Terminals	FREQUENCY_INDICATOR	hourly \| daily \| weekly \| bi-weekly \| biweekly \| monthly \| yearly \| annually \| times \| times a \| both times
Terminals	PER_INDICATOR	per \| /
RULES	PERTIMEINDICATOR	PERINDICATOR RANGE TIMEINDICATOR	per min, per hour, /min, /hour
	PERDURATIONINDICATOR	PERINDICATOR RANGE DURATIONDICATOR	per day, per week, /week, /month
	AMOUNTPERTIMEINDICATOR	AMOUNT RANGE PERTIMEINDICATOR	5 per min, per hour, 24 mg /min
	AMOUNTFREQUENCY	AMOUNT RANGE FREQUENCY_INDICATOR	5 times
	AMOUNTFREQUENCYDURATION	AMOUNTFREQUENCY RANGE DURATIONINDICATOR	5 times a day
	FREQUENCYDURATION	FREQUENCY_INDICATOR RANGE DURATIONDICATOR	times a day
	FREQUENCYTIME	FREQUENCY_INDICATOR RANGE TIMEINDICATOR	times a hour
	PERIODFREQUENCYDURATION	PERIODDETERMINER RANGE FREQUENCY_INDICATOR	several times a day
	PERIODFREQUENCYTIME	PERIODDETERMINER RANGE FREQUENCYTIME	several times a day
	AMOUNTFREQUENCYTIME	AMOUNT RANGE FREQUENCYTIME	several times a day
	AMOUNTPERTIME	AMOUNT RANGE PERTIMEINDICATOR	5 per min, per hour, 24 mg /min
	AMOUNTPERDURATION	AMOUNT RANGE FREQUENCYTIME	5 per day, 10 per week
	HOUR_FREQ		hour, next few hours, per hour, /hour,hourly, every 16 hours, every one hour
	DAY_FREQ		a day, 5 times a day, 2 days a week, 8 days a month, every other day, everyday, 5 per day, twice per day, once per day, one per day, 7mg per day, twice a day, times a day, thrice a day, once a day, several times a day, daily, next day, next few days, next 5 days, few days, two per day, /day, all night
	WEEK_FREQ		a week, week, weekly, bi-weekly, every week, once a week, twice a week, thrice a week, five times a week, once every week, twice every week, couple of weeks, weeks before, /week, weeks, about six weeks
	MONTH_FREQ		monthly, every month, few months, per month, /mo, /month
	YEAR_FREQ		yearly, annually
TEMPLATE CLASS	FREQUENCY	PERTIMEINDICATOR \| PERDURATIONINDICATOR \| AMOUNTFREQUENCYDURATION \| PERIODFREQUENCYDURATION \| PERIODFREQUENCYTIME \| AMOUNTFREQUENCYTIME \| AMOUNTPERTIME \| AMOUNTPERDURATION

DOSAGE

Dosage
Terminals	enteral

INTENSITY

Intensity
Terminals	Low	very low \| high \| high tolerance \| very small dose \| less is more \| lower \| less \| less than \| low
	Average	ideal dose \| average
	High	very high \| high \| high tolerance \| higher \| large \| largest \| larger \| more \| large dose \| high

Simple Template Classes

PRONOUN

Pronoun
Terminals		me \| you \| she \| her\| he \| him \| it \| we \| us \| you \| they \| them \| this \| that \| these \| those \| my \| your \| his \| her \| its \| our \| your \| their \| mine \| yours \| his \| hers \| ours \| yours \| theirs \| myself \| ourselves \| yourself \| yourselves \| himself \| herself \| itself \| themselves \| that \| which \| who \| whom \| whose \| whichever \| whoever \| whomever
Terminal Groups	Demonstrative Pronoun	this, that, these, those
	Personal Pronoun	i, me, you, she, her, he, him, it, we, us, you, they, them
	Possessive Pronoun	my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their, mine, yours, his, hers, ours, yours, theirs
	Reflexive Pronoun	myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves
	Relative Pronoun	that, which, who, whom, whose, whichever, whoever, whomever

Route-of-Administration (ROA)

Route-of-Administration (ROA)
Terminal Groups	enteral	ate, chewing, drink, eat, insufflate, plug, plugged, smoke, smoked, sniff, snort
	epidural	inject, injected, injection
	intraarterial	IV, IVed, IV’ed, IVing, IV’ing, inject, injected, injection
	intracardiac	inject, injected, injection
	intracerebral	inject, injected, injection
	intradermal	IV, IV’ed, IVing, inject, injected, injection, sniff, snort, snorting, bumping, railing, doozing
	intramuscular	inject, injected, injection, skin poppin
	intravenous	IV, IVed, IV’ed, IVing, IV’ing, inject, injected, injection,
	inhalational	smoke, smokes, smoked, smoking,sniff, sniffed, sniffing,snort, snorted, snorting, bumping, railing, doozing
	intraperitoneal	inject, injected, injection
	intrathecal	inject, injected, injection
	intraosseous infusion	inject, injected, injection
	nasal	sniff, snort, snorting, bumping, railing, doozing
	parenteral	inject, injected, injection
	transdermal	patch, patches
	Transmucosal	snort, snorted, snorting,sniff, sniffed, sniffing,bumping, railing, doozing
	topical	patch, patches
	subcutaneous	inject, injected,injection

SIDEEFFECT

SideEffect
Terminal Groups	Mild	bruising, itching, tingling, changes in behavior, cold, cold hands, cold feet
	Moderate	abnormal vision, aggression, back pain, abdominal pain, leg pain, black stools, tarry stools,blisters, blistering, peeling of skin, blistering of skin, blood in urine, blood in stool, bloody stool, blue-green urine, orange-colored urine, bluish skin color, bluish-colored fingernails, bluish-colored lips, bluish-colored skin,blurred vision, decreased vision, vision problems,blurry vision, cloudy vision, rash, numbness, weakness in arms, weakness in legs, cellulitis, change in vision, changes in skin color, changes in vision, confusion, pus, swelling, coughing up mucus, dark colored urine
	Severe	abnormal heartbeat, bone pain, chest pain, chest discomfort, chest tightness, chills, coma, constant pain, convulsions, seizures, coughing up blood

EMOTION/FEELING

Feeling
Primary emotion	Secondary emotion	Ternary emotion
Love	Affection	Adoration, affection, love, fondness, liking, attraction, caring, tenderness, compassion, sentimentality, lovin, loving
	Lust	Arousal, desire, lust, lusting, passion, infatuation
	Longing	Longing
Joy	Cheerfulness	amused, amusement, bliss, blithe,cheerful, cheerfulness,gay, gaiety, glee, gleeful, glad, gladness,jolly, jolliness, jovial, joviality, joy, joyful,delight, delightful,enjoyed, enjoyment,happy, happiness,jubilation, elated, elation, ecstasy, euphoria, satisfaction.
	Zest	Enthusiasm, zeal, zest,excited, exciting, excitement,thrill, thrilling,exhilaration,
	Contentment	contented, contentedness, Contentment, pleasure,satisfied, satisfaction,gratified, gratification
	Pride	Pride, proud, prideful, pridefulness,triumph
	Optimism	eagerness, expecting,hope, hopeful, hoping, hopefulness, optimistic, optimism
	Enthrallment	Enthrallment, enthrall, rapture
	Relief	Relief, ease, relaxation, alleviation
Surprise	Surprise	amazement, amazed,surprise, surprised, surprising,astonished, astonishment, astounded, unexpected
Anger	Irritation	Aggravation,irritation, irritated, irritating,agitation,annoyed, annoyance,disturbing,grouchiness, grumpiness
	Exasperation	Exasperation, frustration
	Rage	Anger, rage, outrage, fury, wrath, hostility, ferocity, bitterness, hate, loathing, scorn, spite, vengefulness, dislike, resentment, vengeance
	Disgust	Disgust, revulsion, contempt, disgusting, disgusted
	Envy	envy, jealousy, jealous, envying
	Torment	Torment, tormented
Sadness	Suffering	Aggravation,irritation, irritated, irritating,agitation,annoyed, annoyance,disturbing,grouchiness, grumpiness
	Sadness	depressed, depression, depressing,cheerless,despair, despairing, dejected,hopelessness, heartbroken, brokenhearted,heartbreak, heartache,gloom, glumness,sad, sadness, unhappy, unhappiness, grief, sorrow, woe, misery, melancholy
	Disappointment	Dismay, disappointment, disappointed, disappointing,displeasure,letdown
	Shame	ashamed, shame,regret, regretful, regretting, remorseful, guilt, remorse, guilty
	Neglect	Alienation, isolation, neglect, loneliness, rejection, homesickness, defeat, dejection, insecurity, embarrassment, humiliation, insult
	Sympathy	Pity, sympathy, compassion, compassionate, sympathizing, sympathetic
Fear	Horror	Alarm, shock, hysteria, mortification, fear, fright, horror, terror, scare, panic, scared, frightened, fearful, panicking, panicked, panicky
	Nervousness	Anxiety, nervousness, tenseness, uneasiness, apprehension, worry, distress, dread
	Confuse	confused, confusing, confusion, confuse
	Discontentment	discontent, discontented, unsatisfied, disgruntled, displeased, dissatisfied
	Embarrassment	embarrassment, embarrass, embarrassed, embarrassing, abashment, awkwardness, abashed
	Forgiveness	forgiveness, forgive, pardon, forgiving
	Thankfulness	thankfulness, thankful, appreciation, gratitude, gratefulness, appreciative, grateful
	Blame	blame, blamed, blaming
	Nervousness	anxiety, nervousness, tenseness, tension, uneasiness, worry, anxious, nervous, tense, uneasy, worried, worrying

DRUGFORM

DrugForm
Terminal Group	Liquid	syrups, elixirs, suspensions, ointment, oral spray, emulsions
	Solid	powder, tablet, tab, pill, pills, tablets, tabs, capsules, capsule, caplets, cap, dry powder inhaler , DPI, paste

Template Patterns

Template Patterns
1	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG:INTERVAL
2	PRONOUN:ROA:DOSAGE:DRUG
3	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG:ROA:INTERVAL
4	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG
5	PRONOUN:ROA:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
6	DRUG:ROA:DOSAGE
7	DRUG:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
8	DRUG:PRONOUN:DOSAGE
9	DOSAGE:SIDEEFFECT
10	DOSAGE:FEELING
11	DRUG:PRONOUN:ROA:DOSAGE
12	PRONOUN:DRUG:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
13	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:FEELING
14	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:SIDEEFFECT
15	DRUG:PRONOUN:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
16	PRONOUN:DRUG:INTERVAL:DOSAGE
17	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG:SIDEEFFECT
18	PRONOUN:INTENSITY:DRUG
19	INTENSITY:DRUG:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
20	INTENSITY:DRUG:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
21	PRONOUN:INTENSITY:FEELING
22	DRUG:PRONOUN:INTENSITY:DOSAGE
23	PRONOUN:DRUG:PRONOUN:DOSAGE
24	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG:FEELING
25	INTENSITY:DRUG:ROA:DOSAGE
26	DRUG:INTENSITY
27	DRUG:INTENSITY:DOSAGE
28	PRONOUN:INTENSITY:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
29	SIDEEFFECT:DOSAGE:PRONOUN
30	INTENSITY:DRUG
31	PRONOUN:ROA:DOSAGE:INTENSITY:DRUG
32	INTENSITY:DRUG:DOSAGE
33	PRONOUN:DRUG:INTENSITY
34	PRONOUN:PRONOUN:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
35	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
36	PRONOUN:INTENSITY:DRUG:INTENSITY:DRUG
37	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG:ROA
38	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:INTERVAL
39	PRONOUN:SIDEEFFECT:INTENSITY
40	DRUG:INTERVAL:SIDEEFFECT
41	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUG:DRUGFORM
42	DRUG:SIDEEFFECT
43	DRUG:VERB:DRUG
44	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:DRUGFORM
45	PRONOUN:VERB:DRUG
46	DRUG:VERB
47	INTERVAL:DRUG
48	DOSAGE:DRUG
49	PRONOUN:DOSAGE:PRONOUN
50	DOSAGE:DRUG:SIDEEFFECT
51	SIDEEFFECT:DRUG
52	SIDEEFFECT:DOSAGE
53	DRUG:DOSAGE:DRUG
54	DRUG:DRUG
55	PRONOUN
56	PRONOUN:DOSAGE

Corpus Annotations

SystemT

Annotation Query Language (AQL)

create dictionary periodDeterminer as
(
	'ago', 'prior', 'previous', 
	'since', 'now', 'next', 
	'last', 'later',
	'about', 'around', 
	'before', 'after',
	'several','almost', 
	'few', 'couple',
	'every','all' 
);

Search System

Evaluation

Funding

This project is sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant No. R21 DA030571-01A1 awarded to the Ohio Center of Excellence in Knowledge-enabled Computing (Kno.e.sis) and the Center for Treatment, Interventions and Addictions Research (CITAR) titled “A Study of Social Web Data on Buprenorphine Abuse using Semantic Web Technology.” Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the investigator(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact: Delroy Cameron

Knowledge-Aware-Search

Contents